No ke aha e lilo ai nā moto synchronous magnet mau i mau kaʻa kaʻa nui?

No ke aha e lilo ai nā moto synchronous magnet mau i mau kaʻa kaʻa nui?

Hiki i ke kaʻa uila ke hoʻololi i ka ikehu uila i ka ikehu mechanical, a hoʻololi i ka ikehu mechanical i nā huila ma o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻouna e hoʻokele i ke kaʻa.ʻO ia kekahi o nā ʻōnaehana hoʻokele kumu o nā kaʻa ikehu hou.I kēia manawa, ʻo nā kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia i nā kaʻa ikehu hou, ʻo ia ka nui o nā kaʻa kaʻa synchronous magnet mau loa a me nā kaʻa AC asynchronous.ʻO ka hapa nui o nā kaʻa ikehu hou e hoʻohana ana i nā kaʻa kaʻa synchronous magnet mau loa.ʻO nā hui kaʻa ʻelele ʻo BYD, Li Auto, a pēlā aku. Hoʻohana kekahi mau kaʻa i nā kaʻa AC asynchronous.Hōʻike nā kaʻa uila i nā hui kaʻa e like me Tesla a me Mercedes-Benz.

Hoʻokumu nui ʻia kahi kaʻa asynchronous me kahi stator paʻa a me kahi rotor wili.Ke hoʻopili ʻia ka wili stator i ka mana AC, e huli ka rotor a me ka mana hoʻopuka.ʻO ke kumu nui, ʻo ia ke hoʻoikaika ʻia ka wili stator (alternating current), e hana ia i kahi kahua electromagnetic rotating, a ʻo ka wili rotor he mea hoʻokele paʻa e ʻoki mau ana i nā laina induction magnetic o ka stator i ke kahua hoʻololi o ka stator.Wahi a ke kānāwai o Faraday, i ka wā e ʻoki ai ka mea alakaʻi i ka laina induction magnetic, e hoʻopuka ʻia kahi au, a e hoʻopuka ke au i kahi kahua electromagnetic.I kēia manawa, ʻelua mau kahua electromagnetic: ʻo ka stator electromagnetic field e pili ana i ke ʻano o waho, a ʻo ka mea ʻē aʻe e hana ʻia ma ke ʻoki ʻana i ka laina induction electromagnetic stator.kahua electromagnetic rotor.Wahi a ke kānāwai o Lenz, e kūʻē mau ke au i hoʻokomo ʻia i ke kumu o ke au i hoʻokomo ʻia, ʻo ia hoʻi, e hoʻāʻo e pale i nā mea hoʻokele ma ka rotor mai ka ʻoki ʻana i nā laina induction magnetic o ke kahua mākēneki rotating o ka stator.ʻO ka hopena: ʻo nā mea hoʻokele ma ka rotor e "hopu" me ka stator ʻO ke kahua electromagnetic rotating ʻo ia ka mea e alualu ai ka rotor i ke kahua mākēneki o ka stator, a ma hope e hoʻomaka ke kaʻa.I ka wā o ke kaʻina hana, ʻaʻohe sync ka wikiwiki o ka rotation (n2) a me ka wikiwiki o ka stator (n1) (ʻo ka ʻokoʻa ka wikiwiki e pili ana i 2-6%).No laila, kapa ʻia ʻo ia he motika AC asynchronous.ʻO ka mea ʻē aʻe, inā like ka wikiwiki o ka rotation, ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he motor synchronous.

ʻO ka mīkini paʻa paʻa synchronous kekahi ʻano o ka motika AC.Hana ʻia kona rotor me ke kila me nā magnet mau.Ke hana nei ke kaʻa, hoʻoikaika ʻia ka stator e hoʻohua i kahi kahua mākia e hoʻohuli ai i ka rotor e hoʻohuli.ʻO ka "Synchronization" ke ʻano o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka rotor i ka wā o ka hana paʻa Hoʻohui ʻia ka wikiwiki me ka wikiwiki rotational o ke kahua magnetic.He ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mana-a-kaumaha ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mīkini paʻa paʻa, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi i ka nui, ʻoi aku ka māmā o ke kaumaha, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka torque puka, a loaʻa ka wikiwiki palena maikaʻi a me ka hana braking.No laila, ua lilo nā kaʻa kaʻa hoʻohana nui loa i kēia mau lā.o ka mokini uila.Eia nō naʻe, i ka wā e hoʻokuʻi ʻia ai ka mea magnet paʻa i ka haʻalulu, ka wela kiʻekiʻe a me ka overload o kēia manawa, hiki ke hoʻemi ʻia kona permeability magnetic, a i ʻole ka demagnetization, hiki ke hōʻemi i ka hana o ka mīkini magnet mau loa.Eia kekahi, hoʻohana nā kaʻa kaʻa like ʻole o ka honua paʻa mau loa, a ʻaʻole paʻa ke kumukūʻai hana.

Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā motors synchronous magnet mau loa, pono nā mīkini asynchronous e komo i ka ikehu uila no ka hauʻoli i ka wā e hana ai, e pau ai ka ikehu uila a hōʻemi i ka pono o ka mīkini.ʻOi aku ke kumukūʻai o nā kaʻa magnet paʻa ma muli o ka hoʻohui ʻana o nā magnet mau loa.

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona e koho i nā kaʻa AC asynchronous e hāʻawi i ka mea nui i ka hana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hoʻopuka hana a me nā pono kūpono o nā kaʻa AC asynchronous i nā wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe.ʻO ke kumu hoʻohālike ʻo ka Model S mua loa. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona nui: Ke holo nei ke kaʻa i ka wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe, hiki iā ia ke mālama i ka hana kiʻekiʻe a me ka hoʻohana pono ʻana i ka ikehu uila, e hōʻemi ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu me ka mālama ʻana i ka mana kiʻekiʻe;

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona e koho i nā kaʻa kaʻa synchronous magnet mau e hoʻohana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hana hana a me ka hana maikaʻi o nā kaʻa kaʻa synchronous magnet paʻa i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, e kūpono ana ia no nā kaʻa liʻiliʻi a me ka nui.ʻO kona mau hiʻohiʻona he liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, ke kaumaha māmā, a me ke ola pākaukau lōʻihi.I ka manawa like, loaʻa iā ia ka hana hoʻoponopono wikiwiki maikaʻi a hiki ke mālama i ka hana kiʻekiʻe i ka wā e kū ai me ka hoʻomaka pinepine, ka hoʻomaha, ka wikiwiki a me ka decelerations.

ʻO nā kaʻa kaʻa hoʻokalakupua mau loa.Wahi a nā helu helu mai ka "New Energy Vehicle Industry Chain Monthly Database" i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e ka Advanced Industry Research Institute (GGII), ʻo ka hiki ke hoʻokomo ʻia o nā kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa hou mai Ianuali a ʻAukake 2022 ma kahi o 3.478 miliona mau ʻāpana, hoʻokahi makahiki. -ka hoʻonui makahiki o 101%.Ma waena o lākou, ʻo 3.329 miliona mau ʻāpana ka mea i hoʻokomo ʻia o nā kaʻa hoʻokele hoʻomau mau, he 106% ka hoʻonui makahiki ma ka makahiki;ʻO ka mana i hoʻokomo ʻia o nā kaʻa AC asynchronous he 1.295 miliona mau ʻāpana, kahi hoʻonui makahiki-ma-makahiki o 22%.

Ua lilo nā motor synchronous magnet mau i nā kaʻa kaʻa nui i ka mākeke kaʻa kaʻa uila maʻemaʻe.

Ma ka hoʻoholo ʻana mai ke koho ʻana i nā kaʻa no nā kumu hoʻohālike ma ka home a me nā ʻāina ʻē, hoʻohana nā kaʻa ikehu hou e SAIC Motor kūloko, Geely Automobile, Guangzhou Automobile, BAIC Motor, Denza Motors, a pēlā aku.Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā motor synchronous magnet ma Kina.ʻO ka mea mua, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ka hoʻololi kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻololi ʻana, kūpono loa i nā kūlana hana paʻakikī me ka hoʻomaka pinepine ʻana a me ke kū ʻana i ke kaʻa o ke kūlanakauhale.ʻO ka lua, ma muli o ka neodymium iron boron mau mākēneki mau i loko o nā kaʻa hoʻokele synchronous mau loa.Pono nā mea waiwai i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kumu waiwai o ka honua, a loaʻa i koʻu ʻāina he 70% o nā kumuwaiwai honua laha ʻole o ka honua, a ʻo ka nui o ka hoʻopuka ʻana o nā mea magnetic NdFeB hiki i ka 80% o ka honua, no laila ua ʻoi aku ka makemake o Kina i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā motors magnet synchronous mau loa.

Ke hoʻohana nei ʻo Tesla a me BMW i nā kaʻa kaʻa hoʻokele mau a me nā kaʻa AC asynchronous e hoʻomohala like.Mai ka hiʻohiʻona o ka hoʻolālā noi, ʻo ka mīkini paʻa magnet synchronous ka mea koho nui no nā kaʻa ikehu hou.

ʻO ke kumukūʻai o nā mea magnet mau loa e pili ana i ka 30% o ke kumukūʻai o nā kaʻa kaʻa synchronous magnet mau loa.ʻO nā mea maka no ka hana ʻana i nā kaʻa hoʻopaʻapaʻa mau loa me ka neodymium iron boron, nā ʻāpana kila silika, ke keleawe a me ka alumini.I waena o lākou, hoʻohana nui ʻia ka neodymium iron boron e hana i nā magnet mau loa, a ʻo ke kumu kūʻai ma kahi o 30%;Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā ʻāpana kila silika e hana maʻamau ʻO ke kumukūʻai o ke kumu rotor ma kahi o 20%;ʻo ke kumu kūʻai o ka wili stator ma kahi o 15%;ʻO ke kumu kūʻai o ka hui kaʻa ma kahi o 5%;a ʻo ke kumu kūʻai o ka pūpū kaʻa ma kahi o 15%.

No ke ahaOSG mau kaʻa mākēneki wili ea compressorʻoi aku ka maikaʻi?

ʻO ka mīkini paʻa paʻa synchronous ka mea nui o ka stator, rotor a me nā ʻāpana shell.E like me nā kaʻa AC maʻamau, ʻo ka stator core he hale laminated e hōʻemi i ka poho hao ma muli o ka eddy current a me nā hopena hysteresis i ka wā e holo ana ke kaʻa;ʻO nā wiliwili hoʻi he ʻekolu-phase symmetrical structures, akā ʻokoʻa ke koho koho.He ʻano ʻano like ʻole ka ʻāpana rotor, me ka rotor magnet mau loa me kahi hale squirrel hoʻomaka, a me kahi rotor magnet mau loa i hoʻokomo ʻia a i ʻole i luna.Hiki ke hana ʻia ke kumu rotor i mea paʻa a laminated paha.Hoʻolako ʻia ka rotor me nā mea magnet mau loa, i kapa ʻia ʻo magnet.

Ma lalo o ka hana maʻamau o ka mīkini magnet mau loa, aia ka rotor a me ka stator magnetic field i kahi kūlana synchronous.ʻAʻohe mea i hoʻokomo ʻia i ka ʻāpana rotor, a ʻaʻohe poho keleawe rotor, hysteresis, a i ʻole eddy i kēia manawa.ʻAʻohe pono e noʻonoʻo i ka pilikia o ka poho rotor a me ka wela.ʻO ka maʻamau, hoʻohana ʻia ka mīkini paʻa mau loa e kahi mea hoʻololi alapine kūikawā a loaʻa maoli kahi hana hoʻomaka palupalu.Eia kekahi, ʻo ka motor magnet paʻa he motor synchronous, nona ke ʻano o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka mea mana ma o ka ikaika o ka excitation, no laila hiki ke hoʻolālā ʻia ka mana mana i kahi waiwai i kuhikuhi ʻia.

Mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka ʻike, ma muli o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka mīkini paʻa paʻa e ka mana o ka mana alapine a i ʻole ke kākoʻo inverter, maʻalahi loa ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka mīkini magnet mau loa;ua like ia me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka mīkini alapine ʻokoʻa, a pale i nā hemahema hoʻomaka o nā motika asynchronous hale hale maʻamau.

I ka pōkole, hiki ke piʻi kiʻekiʻe loa ka pono a me ka mana o nā mīkini magnet mau loa, maʻalahi loa ke ʻano, a ua wela loa ka mākeke i nā makahiki he ʻumi i hala.

Eia nō naʻe, he pilikia hiki ʻole ke pale ʻia ka nalo ʻana o ka excitation i nā kaʻa magnet mau loa.Ke nui loa ke au a i ʻole ke kiʻekiʻe o ka wela, e piʻi koke ka mahana o nā wili kaʻa, e piʻi nui ke au, a e nalowale nā ​​​​magnets mau loa.Ma ka mana kaʻa kaʻa paʻa mau, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia kahi mea pale o kēia manawa e pale aku i ka pilikia o ka puhi ʻana o ka stator stator i ke ahi, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia ka hopena o ka hauʻoli a me ka pani ʻana i nā mea hana.